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Short answers on grid losses, Scope 2, costs and carbon rules for energy and utility companies. To see them worked out with your own data, book a demo.
Carbonova connects SCADA, meter and ERP data to CarbonOS, a platform of AI agents that calculates emissions from generation, network losses and vehicle fleets, flags anomalies in metering and consumption, and ranks measures by cost per tonne of CO₂ avoided. For generation assets, Carbonova Build, in early access, adds prescriptive maintenance. The same dataset feeds GHG Protocol, ISSB-aligned and customer reporting.
In thermal generation, from burning gas, coal or oil; in networks, from energy losses, which the company that owns or controls the transmission or distribution system reports in Scope 2, and from SF₆ leaks in gas-insulated equipment. Each kilowatt-hour generated worldwide emitted 435 gCO₂ on average in 2025 (IEA, 2026), so the same loss weighs far more on fossil-heavy grids.
Power stations with combustion units above 20 MW of total rated thermal input are in the UK Emissions Trading Scheme and surrender an allowance for each tonne of CO₂. Network operators report the emissions from grid losses in Scope 2 under the GHG Protocol, and UK-listed groups report against UK SRS on a comply-or-explain basis for accounting periods starting on or after 1 January 2027 (FCA, 2026).
Yes. Electricity is a CBAM good, so since 1 January 2026 EU importers of power from Great Britain carry a CBAM obligation, and electricity gets no 50-tonne annual exemption. Linking the UK and EU emissions trading systems would bring mutual exemption from both CBAMs; an agreement was reported in October 2026, but neither government had confirmed it by mid-October. Carbonova keeps generation and emissions data traceable for EU buyers.
The GHG Protocol is revising Scope 2: its consultation on hourly matching and deliverability for market-based reporting closed on 31 January 2026, a second consultation is due in 2026 and the final standard is expected in 2027. CarbonOS keeps energy data and versioned emission factors, so the inventory can be recalculated when the rules change without collecting the data again.
Signal Ingest connects SCADA, meters, IoT sensors, ERP systems such as SAP or Oracle and energy and fuel invoices, then normalises and versions generation, loss and consumption data. Proof Engine keeps each number’s lineage back to its source, with versioned emission factors and a change history, in line with the ISO 14064-3 verification standard, which makes third-party verification easier.