Competitive agribusiness: carbon credits, EUDR, and traceability. With CarbonOS.

Carbonova connects purchases of grain, cattle and inputs, suppliers’ field-plot data, plant energy and fuel use, and satellite imagery to CarbonOS, a platform of AI agents. CarbonOS calculates the Scope 1 to 3 inventory per plant and per product, monitors sourcing areas by satellite with anomaly detection and compares efficiency and input measures by their effect on cost and CO₂, with evidence ready for the EUDR and for buyers.

They come from cattle (enteric fermentation and manure), nitrogen fertilisers, diesel for machinery and dryers, energy in processing plants and, above all, land-use change. Agriculture, forestry and other land use produced 22% of global net greenhouse gas emissions in 2019, and about half of that was CO₂ from land use, mainly deforestation (IPCC, 2022). For a processor, the emissions of supplying farms sit in Scope 3.

The UK ETS covers power, energy-intensive industry, aviation and maritime rather than farming, but food and drink plants that operate combustion units with a total rated thermal input above 20 MW are in it, with lighter rules for small emitters below 25,000 tCO₂e a year and 35 MW. UK-listed companies report against UK SRS on a comply-or-explain basis for periods starting on or after 1 January 2027, with a one-year relief for Scope 3, where processors report farm emissions (FCA, 2026).

From 1 January 2027, the UK CBAM puts a carbon price on imported fertiliser, alongside aluminium, cement, hydrogen, and iron and steel, with rates set per sector and updated quarterly. Importers register once their CBAM goods exceed £50,000 over a rolling 12 months and file their first return by 31 May 2028. Carbonova tracks fertiliser purchases and emissions per tonne of product, so growers and processors can see what nitrogen efficiency saves in cost and CO₂.

The supply chain agent links every purchased lot to its suppliers and plots of origin, Sentinel AI checks those plots against satellite imagery for signs of deforestation after 31 December 2020, the EUDR cut-off date, and the Compliance Hub flags lots with open issues. The result is a per-lot file with an audit trail that suppliers hand to the EU operator, who is responsible for the due diligence statement.

CarbonOS reads purchase and invoice data for grain, cattle and inputs, ERP systems such as SAP or Oracle, plant meters and IoT data, field-plot data and satellite imagery, then normalises and versions everything. Each value keeps its lineage back to the invoice, plot or meter, a versioned emission factor and a change history, in line with the ISO 14064-3 verification standard, which serves EUDR files, buyers’ Scope 3 and certification bodies.