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Short answers on embodied carbon, building energy and carbon rules in construction and real estate. To see them worked out with your project data, book a demo.
Carbonova brings construction site emissions (diesel, generators and power), purchased material quantities and EPDs, and the energy use of operating buildings into CarbonOS, a platform of AI agents. It calculates embodied and operational carbon per project and per asset, compares material and retrofit options by their effect on cost and CO₂, and produces reports with an audit trail back to the invoice or the meter.
They come from two places: operational carbon, from the energy used to heat, cool, light and run buildings, and embodied carbon, from materials, transport and construction work. Together, buildings and construction account for 34% of global CO₂ emissions, and the sector depends on materials such as cement and steel that are responsible for 18% of global emissions (UNEP, 2025). That is why material choices matter as much as building efficiency.
The UK CBAM, which starts on 1 January 2027, puts a carbon price on imported cement, iron and steel and aluminium, among other goods; importers must register once their CBAM goods exceed £50,000 over a rolling 12 months. For disclosure, UK-listed companies report against UK SRS on a comply-or-explain basis for accounting periods starting on or after 1 January 2027, with a one-year relief for Scope 3, where purchased materials sit (FCA, 2026).
Since 1 April 2023, privately rented non-domestic property in England and Wales must have an EPC rating of at least E unless a valid exemption is registered, and landlords who keep letting in breach for three months or more face penalties of up to £150,000 (MEES Regulations, 2015). Carbonova measures energy use and emissions per building from meter data and ranks retrofit measures by cost per tonne of CO₂ avoided, so owners can plan upgrades across the portfolio.
The supply chain agent collects supplier EPDs and data, and the planning agent compares options for each project, such as blended cements or scrap-based electric arc furnace steel, by cost and CO₂ avoided. The gap can be large: on global average, scrap-based electric arc furnace steel emits 0.69 tCO₂ per tonne, against 2.34 for the blast furnace route (worldsteel, 2025).
Yes. CarbonOS reads purchase and invoice data from ERP systems such as SAP or Oracle, plus energy meters and IoT data from sites and buildings, and keeps for every value the lineage to its source document, a versioned emission factor and a change history, in line with the ISO 14064-3 verification standard. The same dataset serves regulatory filings, ISSB-aligned disclosures, green finance and requests from investors, tenants and customers.
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