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Carbonova connects energy meters, SCADA and IoT data from the electrical and cooling infrastructure, and the facility’s power contracts to CarbonOS, a platform of AI agents. CarbonOS calculates PUE, energy per IT kWh and Scope 1 and 2 emissions, flags drift in consumption and ranks efficiency measures by cost and CO₂ avoided. It does not control the cooling system: it gives the operations team the analysis and the evidence to decide.

Almost entirely from electricity: the power that runs the IT equipment and the power used for cooling, power conversion and lighting, which PUE measures as total facility energy divided by IT energy. The industry average was 1.52 in 2026 (Uptime Institute, 2026), and data centres worldwide used 485 TWh in 2025 (IEA, 2026). Direct emissions come mainly from diesel backup generators and refrigerant leaks.

Under the recast Energy Efficiency Directive, operators of data centres with at least 500 kW of installed IT power demand report energy, water, renewable energy and waste heat indicators to a European database by 15 May every year, and PUE is calculated from those figures. On 21 September 2026 the Commission adopted a rating scheme that would issue public labels by PUE and water class from 15 August 2027; it had not yet been published in the Official Journal.

It can, and larger sites are required to look at it: the Energy Efficiency Directive requires Member States to ensure that data centres with a total rated energy input above 1 MW use their waste heat or other heat recovery applications, unless that is not technically or economically feasible (European Commission, 2024). Selling heat to a district heating network turns a cooling cost into a revenue line. Carbonova tracks reused heat alongside energy and emissions, so the business case rests on metered data.

CarbonOS matches metered consumption with power contracts and renewable energy certificates, calculates Scope 2 under both the location-based and market-based methods and keeps the evidence for every MWh claimed. This matters because the GHG Protocol is revising Scope 2: its consultation on hourly matching and deliverability closed in January 2026, and the final standard is expected in 2027. Keeping meter data at the highest resolution available already prepares operators for that change.

Yes. CarbonOS reads energy meters, SCADA and IoT data from the electrical and cooling infrastructure, invoices for power and generator fuel, and ERP systems such as SAP or Oracle, then normalises and versions everything. Each value keeps its lineage back to the meter or source invoice, a versioned emission factor and a change history, in line with the ISO 14064-3 verification standard, which serves auditors, colocation customers and investors.